Eclipse Vert.x 5 candidate 2 released!
We are extremely pleased to announce the second candidate release of Eclipse Vert.x 5.
Vert.x 5 is the evolution of the Vert.x 4.x series that will bring key features to Vert.x.
This release aims to provide candidate builds of the up-coming Vert.x 5 for people that want to try it and provide feedback.
Here are the highlights of this new major release.
Embracing the future based model
Vert.x 4 extended the 3.x callback asynchronous model to a future/callback hybrid model, to facilitate migration from Vert.x 3.
Vert.x 5 only retains the future model and thus the callback model is removed.
Since the good old AbstractVerticle
class lifecycle API is not best suited for the future based model, a new
VerticleBase
base class is provided:
Both VerticleBase
and Verticle
extends a new Deployable
interface, since that interface is functional you
can even write a one-liner verticle:
NOTE: AbstractVerticle
is still fine and not deprecated, we simply recommend to use the base class that best works for
you
Java Modules
Vert.x 5 supports the Java Platform Module System (JPMS) with explicit modules (Vert.x 4 supports only automatic modules).
Most Vert.x components support modules (a few components though due to their dependencies cannot), the upcoming Modular Vert.x guide will give more information about it, in the meantime you can look at out JPMS examples.
gRPC improvements
Vert.x gRPC has a few great additions in this major release, propelling Vert.x gRPC as a first class choice for implementing gRPC services.
gRPC Web
The Vert.x gRPC Server supports the gRPC Web protocol by default (i.e. without an intermediate proxy).
On the Vert.x side, enabling the gRPC Web protocol support is a mere switch in options.
In the near feature, we will provide a tutorial explaining how to generate a browser client with protoc
and to communicate with the server.
gRPC deadlines
Vert.x gRPC handles timeout and deadlines in both client and server
Here is a simple example.
JSON wire format
gRPC implicitly assumes the usage of the Protobuf wire format, the Vert.x gRPC client supports the JSON wire format as well.
Here is a simple example.
OpenAPI & Vert.x OpenAPI Router
With Vert.X 5 the OpenAPI modules now also supports binary data.
Here you can find simple examples for Vert.x OpenAPI.
Here you can find simple examples for Vert.x OpenAPI Router.
io_uring support
Vert. 4 has been supporting io_uring in incubation for a while with a separate jar.
Netty 4.2 has promoted io_uring out of incubation, as a consequence Vert.x Core supports it out of the box.
Client side load balancing
Client side load balancing for HTTP based clients, with a wide variety of policies.
Here is a simple HTTP client example as well as a gRPC HTTP client example.
Service resolver
Vert.x Service Resolver is a new addition to the Vert.x stack aiming to provide dynamic address resolution for clients, it extends the vertx core client side load balancing to a new set of service resolvers.
Enabled clients such as HTTP/Web/gRPC clients can use a service resolver to dynamically map a service address to a list of network addresses.
You can find here a few examples.
HTTP proxy
The interception side of our HTTP proxy has been improved with out-of-the-box transformations and interceptor in WebSocket upgrades.
In addition, the caching part gets a proper caching Service Provider Interface (SPI) as well as extended support for caching specifications.
Miscellaneous changes
Unix domain sockets
Unix domain sockets have historically supported exclusively by native transports, they are now available for JDK 16 or greater.
Connect options
TCP and HTTP clients have finer grained Connect capabilities, providing per connection SSL and proxy options. Previously such configuration was only possible client wide.
Un-pooled HTTP connection
Default interactions with an HTTP servers involves providing a request object and let Vert.x HTTP client establish the connection to the actual server and then pool it for subsequent uses.
Sometimes it is desirable to manage such connections instead of reusing pooled connections, for this use case the Vert.x HTTP client provides un-pooled connections.
Micrometer Metrics performance improvements
Our integration of Micrometer Metrics overhead has been reduced, you can learn more about that in this blog post.
TCP shutdown
HTTP server and client support graceful shutdown.
You can shut down a server or a client.
Calling shutdown
initiates the shut-down phase whereby the server or client are given the opportunity to perform clean-up actions.
- A standalone HTTP server unbinds
- A shared HTTP server is removed from the set of accepting servers
- An HTTP client refuses to send any new requests
When all connections inflight requests are processed, the server or client is then closed.
Application Launcher
Application launcher is a new tool which addresses the
concern of launching a Vert.x application packaged as a far jar. It replaces the Vert.x 4 io.vertx.core.Launcher
.
Sunsets and removals
A few components are sunsetting in 5.0, that means they are still supported for the lifetime of the 5.x series, but we don’t encourage using them anymore since we provide replacements for them. Such components are scheduled to go away in the next major release (Vert.x 6).
Here is the list of components we sunset in 5.x
Component | Replacement |
---|---|
gRPC Netty | Vert.x gRPC client and server |
JDBC API | SQL client API implementation for JDBC |
Service Discovery | Vert.x Service Resolver |
RxJava 1 | Mutiny or RxJava 3 |
OpenTracing | OpenTelemetry |
Vert.x Unit | Vert.x JUnit 5 |
Here is the list of components removed in 5.x, that were sunset in 4.x series.
- Vert.x Sync, replaced by Vert.x virtual threads
- Service Factories / Maven Service Factory / HTTP Service Factory
What’s next ?
Vert.x 5 is scheduled for December, until the release you can expect a few candidate releases.
Finally
The deprecations and breaking changes can be found on the wiki.
The release artifacts have been deployed to Maven Central and you can get the distribution on Maven Central.
Most importantly the documentation has been deployed on this preview web-site https://vertx.io/docs/5.0.0.CR3/
That’s it! Happy coding and see you soon on our user or dev channels.